oliver



("No Model.)

J. 0 OLIVER a; J. M. HUNTER. VEHICLE SPRING.

No. 353,324. Patented Nov. 30, 1886.

U ITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. OLIVER AND J. MONTGOMERY HUNTER, OF LOUISVILLE, KY.

VEHICLE-SPRING.

$PECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 353,324, dated November30, 1886.

Application filed April 17. 1886. Serial No. 199.216. model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, J AMES 0. OLIVER and JAMES MONTGOMERY HUNTER,citizens of the United States, residing at Louisville, in the county ofJefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Vehicle-Springs; and we dohereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and

exact description of the invention, such as will loop or stirrupconnections, whereby the advantages of pendent springs may be obtainedwithout the swinging propensity thereof.

To this end our invention consists in the construction and combinationof parts forming a vehicle-spring hereinafter described and claimed,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is aside elevation of our spring. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 3is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 4 is a modification of a partthereof, and Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section of our spring-eyeand joint-bolt or crank wrist-pin on a larger scale.

A indicates an axle-tree. B is a semi-elliptic spring rigidly secured atits center upon the axle-tree. O is a similar semi-ellipticspring'placed parallel with and lower than the spring B, and connectedtherewith by two crankshaped hangers, D. The central portion of thespring B curves downward and the central portion of the spring 0 curvesupward; but the whole of the spring 0 is lower than the plane of thespring B and lower than the plane of attachment of spring B to theaxle-tree, in order that the spring 0, which is to support thecarriage-body, may actually hang from the axle. To adapt this spring tobe attached either to a side-bar carriage or to a cross-bar carriagewith out alteration, we provide all-additional spring-leaf, F, either inthe double-C shape shown in Fig. 1, or in the semi-elliptic form shownin Fig. 4.

The springs O and F are riveted or bolted together centrally, theirconvex sides meeting. The spring F is provided with holes in each end,whereby it may be bolted directly to a carriage-body, dispensing withthe usual spring bar; or it may be bolted or clipped directly to theside bars of the carriage.

In order that a carriage provided with our springs may not have thelateral swinging motion, so objectionable in some carriages havingsprings hung by loops or cranks, we form the wrists G of ourcrank-hangers D square, and we provide square eyes in the ends of thesprings, to fit tightly thereon. By this means the cranks are preventedfrom turning in the spring eyes, so that they cannot swing, thusresisting the sidewise motion of the carriagebody; and yet thisresistance is not rigid and positive, as it would be if the eyes of thesprings B and O werejoined at each end by a single straight bolt; forthe cranks acted upon by the sidewise motion serve as levers to bendboth springs a little up and down, thus relieving the. rider and thecarriage from shocks and saving wear upon the working parts.

We are aware that crank-hangers for springs have been shown before,notably in a patent to W. Boughton; but his method of applying the saidcrank-hangers is materially different from ours in two essential points:First, the suspended spring is bent centrally upward, and thesuspending-spring is bent centrally downward far below it, so that theprinciple of suspension is almost wholly counteracted. In ours all partsof the suspended spring are below the plane of the suspending-spring.Secondly, our squared wrists to the cranks and squared eyes to thesprings are different in construction and operation from their C0111-mon round wrists and eyes, and ours accomplish by this means along-desired purpose, which his cannot accomplish.

WVhat we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

l. The combination of a semi-elliptic spring placed with its convex sidedownward and having eyes in its ends, crank-shaped hangers hung in thesaid eyes, and another sen1i-elliptic spring having eyes in its endsengaging the lower wrists of the said crank-hangers, and curvedcentrally upward, the last named spring being hung upon the said hangerswholly below the plane of the first-named spring, substantially as shownand described. 2. The combination of two semi-elliptical springs, twocrank-shaped hangers connecting their ends, whereby one spring is hungupon the other entirely below the plane thereof, and another leaf of aspring centrally secured upon the lower spring, and having perforatedends rising above the plane oft-he lower spring, substantially as shownand described.

3. The combination, with two springs having square eyes at their ends,of two crankshaped hangers having square wrists to closely fit the saideyes, substantially as shown and described.

4. A spring-hanger in the form of a crank having square wrists,substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of twowitnesses.

JAMES C. OLIVER. J. MONTGOMERY HUNTER.

\Vitnesses:

HAM LTON HUNTER, Gno. P. WELLER.

